Signs Of Mange In A Dog

The first sign of mange in a dog is typically pitting of the skin. This is caused by inflammation of the skin to the point where the hair actually starts to die. The hair becomes weak and eventually falls out. In fact, many dogs will scratch and bite at their skin for relief from this discomfort; the scratching and biting causes sores that cause small amounts of bleeding, which allows mites in search of feeding sites to enter the body in great numbers. Eventually, a heavy infestation results in circular patches that are completely ringed with mite feces (black specks), which gives it a very distinct appearance from scabies or ticks.

Mange is a skin disease that can affect dogs. It can cause intense itching and discomfort, which can leave the dog quite distressed and miserable. If you notice any of the signs of mange in your dog, you should speak to a veterinarian immediately.

Signs of mange in dogs can be difficult to recognize. Mange is a skin infection that affects dogs, foxes, and other mammals. It causes scaly patches on the skin, which can be itchy or painful for your dog to the touch.

Here are some signs to look out for:

-Scratching or rubbing against objects or people

-Itching and scratching at the area where they feel discomfort

-Redness, irritation, and soreness around the areas where they scratch most frequently

-Flaky skin that sheds easily in clumps

-Discoloration of their coat due to an imbalance in color pigments due to inflammation of the skin

Signs of mange in dogs are often subtle and difficult to notice, especially if you’ve never seen it before. If you suspect your dog might have mange, it’s important to check them for the following signs:

-Loss of hair—this could be anywhere on the body and should not be confused with fur that grows back quickly after a bath or grooming session

-Redness and inflammation—these are common symptoms of mange and can be found on any part of the body

-Scabs—these will appear on areas where hair is missing, such as under the collar or around their ears

-Pale skin—if you see patches of pale skin that are not normally exposed to light (for example, inside their ears), this could indicate an infestation of mites

Signs Of Mange In A Dog

If your dog is itching like crazy or you notice patches of thinning or missing fur, your pup may have mange. This irritating skin condition is caused by microscopic mites that infest the skin. But there’s no need to stress: Mange in dogs is preventable and treatable. 

profile image of a dog with patchy mange

What Type of Mite: Sarcoptic or Demodectic? 

There are two types of mange, and the kind your dog has will depend on which type of mite is causing the problem. Mange is most commonly caused by the sarcoptic mite, Sarcoptes scabiei, or a closely related mite species like Notoedres. This type of mange is called scabies. Your dog can catch these parasites from another animal or from contaminated bedding and give them to you.

Demodectic mites, on the other hand, are naturally present in the roots of your dog’s fur (called hair follicles). They’re passed from mother to pup during the first few days of life. Normally, a dog’s immune system keeps demodectic mites in check. But mange outbreaks can occur if the mite population grows out of control. Mange caused by demodectic mites isn’t contagious.

dog with visible sores on face from sarcoptic mange

This dog is suffering from sarcoptic mange, a highly contagious form of mange.

| Credit: Getty

Causes and Symptoms of Sarcoptic Mange

Sarcoptic mites can’t be seen with the eye, but you’ll definitely notice the itchy agony they trigger in your dog. These tiny mites live and feed on your dog’s skin, with the females burrowing underneath the top layer to lay eggs.

Mange in dogs caused by sarcoptic mites is highly contagious. “It’s commonly spread by wildlife,” says Travis Taylor, DVM, medical director of VCA Centreville Animal Hospital in Centreville, Va. “If you have wildlife, especially foxes, coming through your yard, your dog’s mange is probably caused by this type of mite.”

Besides wild animals, your dog can also get sarcoptic mites from other dogs. Mites can pass between dogs that live or play together or at places like a boarding facility or a shelter. Dogs can also pick up a case of mange from infected bedding or blankets, but it’s possible that symptoms may not show until 10 days to eight weeks after exposure.

“Early-stage sarcoptic mange usually starts out as an itch around the ear flaps and the elbows,” Taylor says. But mites also like living on a dog’s belly, armpits, and legs. 

Initially, a dog with sarcoptic mange scratches constantly, making the skin under the fur red and irritated. Over time though, sarcoptic mange leads to hair loss, open sores or scabs, and crusting or thickening of the skin. The open sores may get infected and become smelly. If left untreated, it can lead to enlarged lymph nodes, loss of healthy muscle, and sometimes death.

While sarcoptic mites prefer dogs, they can also infect people. They cause an incredibly itchy but short-lived rash in humans.

Beagle with demodectic or red mange all over her body

This beagle has demodicosis, also called demodectic mange or red mange.

Causes and Symptoms of Demodectic Mange

Demodectic mites (demodex) are present in a dog’s hair follicles and the skin’s oil glands from puppyhood. For most dogs, they don’t cause a problem. If they do become troublesome, it’s typically a sign of a weakened immune system. Puppies, older dogs, and those with underlying medical conditions such as diabetes or cancer are more likely to get demodectic mange.  cause localized or generalized

Demodectic mange may be localized or generalized. When there’s an overgrowth of demodectic mites, hair follicles become irritated. “Demodex mange is more subtle than sarcoptic mange in the early stages,” Taylor says. “It’s not as itchy. It usually starts out as small areas of hair loss.” This is known as localized demodex.

Puppies with demodectic mange—also called red mange—develop scaly bald spots near the lips and on the head or front legs. Oftentimes, the immune systems of puppies will kick in and resolve the problem on its own.

Other times, demodectic mange becomes widespread. This is considered generalized demodex. As it progresses, you’ll see:

  • More hairless patches
  • Oily, bumpy skin
  • Skin discoloration
  • Itchiness
  • Scabbing and/or crusting of skin
  • Bacterial infections with smelly odor

How to Treat Mange in Dogs

While you may be tempted to use a home remedy or over-the-counter product to relieve your dog’s itching, it won’t help in the long run. Getting rid of the mites is a must in order to treat mange. Schedule an exam with your local vet for an official diagnosis to find out what kind of mange your dog has, and how to best treat it.

Mange symptoms are similar to other skin conditions in dogs. Your veterinarian will take a skin scraping or hair sample and look at it under a microscope. The skin scrape may temporarily cause the skin to look more irritated, but it’s important to do! It’s easy to see demodectic mites under the microscope. Sarcoptic mites, on the other hand, can be difficult to spot since they burrow under the skin. Your veterinarian may recommend additional tests to rule out other conditions. 

The good news, Taylor says, is that mange treatment has become much easier than for earlier generations. “In the past, we had to rely on dips or daily treatments. Now, we use isoxazoline medications—a group of drugs that many once-monthly flea and tick control products contain. We’ve found that they’re very good at treating both types of mites, in addition to their main use for fleas and ticks.”

Taylor says you can expect your pet to feel better within a few days of taking the oral medication. To help take care of the itch while the mites are being killed off, vets often prescribe medications to relieve itching, discomfort, and inflammation. Treatment may include a steroid drug like prednisone. Your dog may also need antibiotics to help clear up any secondary skin infections. 

small balck puppy with patchy hair loss due to demodectic mange

This young puppy has demodectic mange, causing the patchy appearance of his fur.

Is it Possible to Prevent Mange in Dogs?

The use of isoxazoline medications has another bonus—not only does this class of medicine treat dogs for mange, but it can also help to prevent it. “The likelihood that dogs on these preventative medications will develop anything more than a minor mite infection is pretty minimal,” Taylor says.

Is Mange Contagious to Humans or Other Pets?

Unfortunately, mange due to sarcoptic mites can spread to other pets in the home and even humans. Special precautions are necessary to keep it from infecting other inhabitants in the home since mites are easily transmittable to other dogs and people.

It’s important to isolate your dog from other pets until your dog is free of mites and be sure to keep your dog off furniture and clean all material your dog has been in contact with including their bed, your mattress, blankets, and the carpet. Your veterinarian can give you detailed instructions on how to eliminate sarcoptic mites at home and keep them from coming back.

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